Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews RSS feed: Current Issue. Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews provides clinically relevant information that you can use daily. Its coverage goes beyond the scope of traditional NICU nursing, exploring concerns relevant to care outside of the neonatal period and the confines of the hospital. Each quarterly issue addresses a single topic, providing in-depth discussions of diagnosis, treatment, nursing implications/applications, new developments, clinical/evidence-based research, and controversies in the field. You'll also find case studies related to the issue topic. New! Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews now includes regular columns that you can count on in every issue. Each column will relate to the issue's subject matter. Look forward to these columns: International Issues, Research Corner, Family, and Pharmacology. Plus, you will now find a crossword puzzle or related activity in every issue. 2011 Topics , Volume 11, Issues 1-4 March Simulation-Based Learning Michele DeGrazia June International Issues Carole Kenner September Neuroprotective Strategies Jackie McGrath December Higher-Order Multiples Judy Lewis http://www.nainr.com/?rss=yesElsevier Inc.en © 2012 Published by Elsevier Inc. Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews1527-3369121March 2012 © 2012 Published by Elsevier Inc. healthpermissions@elsevier.comhttp://www.nainr.com/article/PIIS1527336911001875/abstract?rss=yesDr Leslie Parker received both her bachelor of science in nursing and master of science in nursing with a specialty in neonatal nursing from the University of Florida, Gainesville, FL. Leslie received her PhD from the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.EditorialLeslie Altimier10.1053/j.nainr.2011.12.003Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews 12, 1 (2012)2012-03-01Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews2012-03-01121S1527-3369(11)X0006-5Editorials11http://www.nainr.com/article/PIIS1527336911001942/abstract?rss=yesIn an effort to improve the quality of care delivered to patients, health care is in a constant state of change. Change is never an easy process, with controversy and discord often occurring before acceptance of change or modification in practice. The medical use of marijuana, the relationship of vaccines with autism, and the ethics of stem cell research and therapy are just a few examples of current controversial issues in the health care arena. Neonatology is no stranger to controversy, and because of the vulnerability of our patients and the specialty's relatively young age, one could argue that the discipline of neonatology may be impacted by controversy more than any other field of health care.Guest EditorialLeslie A. Parker10.1053/j.nainr.2011.12.010Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews 12, 1 (2012)2012-03-01Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews2012-03-01121S1527-3369(11)X0006-5Editorials23http://www.nainr.com/article/PIIS1527336911001851/abstract?rss=yesNAINR Online for March 2012 IssueDawn Nahlen10.1053/j.nainr.2011.12.001Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews 12, 1 (2012)2012-03-01Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews2012-03-01121S1527-3369(11)X0006-5News Flashe1e3http://www.nainr.com/article/PIIS1527336911001954/abstract?rss=yesNeonatal Hot Topics Word SearchRoxann Correll10.1053/j.nainr.2011.12.011Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews 12, 1 (2012)2012-03-01Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews2012-03-01121S1527-3369(11)X0006-5Word Search4.e14.e2http://www.nainr.com/article/PIIS1527336911001863/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: When infants require surgery, the family experiences a crisis. Surgical care of the infant and their family requires constant information sharing between health care providers (HCPs) and families. Parents' information needs and their readiness to learn vary along the infant's trajectory of healing. Information is acquired by parents from many sources and over time parents become an important source of information during the infant's stay in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Family-centered approaches in all phases of surgical care (preoperative, postoperative and preparation for discharge) empowers and supports parents and ultimately leads to optimal outcomes.Family-Centered Care of the Surgical NeonateSheila M. Gephart, Jacqueline M. McGrath10.1053/j.nainr.2011.12.002Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews 12, 1 (2012)2012-03-01Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews2012-03-01121S1527-3369(11)X0006-5Family Dynamics57http://www.nainr.com/article/PIIS1527336911001899/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Our world is shrinking due to computerized linkages and the mobility of society. Information is shared rapidly around the world. Issues surrounding newborn and infant nursing are global. In efforts to acknowledge the international community, each Newborn and Infant Nursing Review issue will feature a column that highlights care-related issues from a featured country or region of the world. This article focuses on the United States. Newborn and infant health issues are global ones. To review issues occurring in different areas of the world, a different area of the globe will be featured that addresses the Newborn and Infant Nursing Review's theme-oriented topic. This month the United States will be featured. Our guest author is Ms Leslie Parker PhD, NNP-BC, Clinical Assistant Professor, College of Nursing at the University of Florida and a Regional Network Contact for the Council of International Neonatal Nurses for the United States. This month's article focuses on the hypoxic ischemic encephalophathy.Neuroprotective Strategies for Hypoxic Ischemic EncephalopathyLeslie Parker, Carole Kenner10.1053/j.nainr.2011.12.005Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews 12, 1 (2012)2012-03-01Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews2012-03-01121S1527-3369(11)X0006-5International Connections811http://www.nainr.com/article/PIIS1527336911001929/abstract?rss=yesIn October 2004, the American Association of Colleges of Nursing issued a historic position statement that incited change as well as controversy. Years later, the endorsement of the move to the Doctor of Nursing Practice degree for entry into advanced practice continues to raise controversies, some real and some hypothetical. What follows in this article are a presentation and an examination of some of the most pertinent and important issues that remain unresolved today. The complex context of societal implications for health professions education, economic pressures, and professional controversies that may determine the success of this educational transformation, at home and abroad, is explored. Finally, what will it all mean to neonatal nurses? Implications for the future of neonatal advanced practice and faculty roles are examined.The Doctor of Nursing Practice for Entry Into Advanced Practice: The Controversy Continues as 2015 LoomsSandra Bellini, Regina M. Cusson10.1053/j.nainr.2011.12.008Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews 12, 1 (2012)2012-03-01Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews2012-03-01121S1527-3369(11)X0006-5Articles1216http://www.nainr.com/article/PIIS1527336912000025/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a relatively common complication of prematurity occurring in 7% to 14% of very low-birth-weight infants. Advancement in our knowledge of this potentially devastating disease has occurred quickly, making it challenging for nurses to stay abreast of the latest research regarding NEC. This article reviews the most recent research published in 2009, 2010, and 2011 regarding risk factors, preventive strategies, treatment options, and the sequlae of NEC.Evidence-based Findings of Necrotizing EnterocolitisKaren Wright, Harriet D. Miller10.1053/j.nainr.2012.01.001Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews 12, 1 (2012)2012-03-01Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews2012-03-01121S1527-3369(11)X0006-5Articles1720http://www.nainr.com/article/PIIS1527336911001930/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: The practice of medicine, including neonatology, has always included controversies regarding best care practices for our patients. Controversial issues should encourage additional discussion and research, ultimately improving the quality of care we provide our patients. Because of the vulnerability of patients in the neonatal intensive care unit and the relatively young age of our specialty, neonatology struggles with the resolution of numerous controversial issues. This article will discuss three controversial issues including the use of steroids in premature infants, innovative treatment of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, and the routine use of probiotics for the prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis. The current state of knowledge, questions to be answered, and future directions will be presented.Current Controversies in Neonatal CareLeslie A. Parker10.1053/j.nainr.2011.12.009Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews 12, 1 (2012)2012-03-01Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews2012-03-01121S1527-3369(11)X0006-5Articles2126http://www.nainr.com/article/PIIS1527336911001887/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Over the last several decades, advancements in neonatal care have improved the survival rate and prognosis of premature infants. It is now commonplace for infants born at gestational ages once considered nonviable to be discharged home and live normal healthy lives with few, if any, morbidities. Neonatology has now progressed to an era where infants born at 22 to 24 weeks gestation are being resuscitated, resulting in potentially lifelong consequences for both infants and their families. Decisions concerning resuscitation of infants on the verge of viability are complex and must take into consideration the ethics of resuscitating infants at risk for extremely high levels of mortality and morbidity as well as the impact on the infant, family, and society as a whole.Decisions and Dilemmas Related to Resuscitation of Infants Born on the Verge of ViabilityTraci L. Powell, Leslie Parker, Cynthia F. Dedrick, Christina M. Barrera, Dawn Di Salvo, Felicia Erdman, Salley P. Huff, Mahala Saunders10.1053/j.nainr.2011.12.004Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews 12, 1 (2012)2012-03-01Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews2012-03-01121S1527-3369(11)X0006-5Articles2732http://www.nainr.com/article/PIIS1527336911001905/abstract?rss=yesAbstract: Preterm infants are a vulnerable population. Their shorter gestation and lower birth weight place them at greater risk for a variety of health and developmental problems including long-term motor, cognitive, behavioral, and growth problems. This article reviews the epidemiology and morbidities of low-birth-weight infants, with a specific emphasis on perinatal brain injury and its impact on school performance. The pathogenesis of brain injury is complex and not fully understood. The principle brain lesions that underlie much of the neurologic manifestations seen in preterm infants are intraventricular hemorrhage (and its accompanied complication, periventricular hemorrhagic infarction) and periventricular leukomalacia. Nursing participation in advocating for interdisciplinary services including physical therapy, speech therapy, and using position devices and appropriate stimulation while the infant is in the neonatal intensive care unit is essential to maximize functional capacity. Nurses are also uniquely positioned at the forefront of public health to substantially improve school performance in these children by optimizing a child's home environment for maximal environmental stimulation.State of the Science: The Association Between Perinatal Brain Injury and School Performance in Very-Low-Birth-Weight InfantsAshley E. Darcy Mahoney, Jennifer Pinto-Martin10.1053/j.nainr.2011.12.006Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews 12, 1 (2012)2012-03-01Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews2012-03-01121S1527-3369(11)X0006-5Articles3339http://www.nainr.com/article/PIIS1527336912000037/abstract?rss=yesLeadership has been defined as “the position or function of a leader”; “a person who guides or directs a group”; as the “ability to lead”; as “an act or instance of leading, guidance, direction”; and as a “leader of a group.” Along with many definitions of leadership, there are many concepts about what it is to be a leader. Northouse describes leadership as a trait, ability, skill, behavior, and a relationship. Leadership can include some or all of these concepts.Florence Nightingale: Neonatal Leaders, Take Notes!Leslie Altimier10.1053/j.nainr.2012.01.002Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews 12, 1 (2012)2012-03-01Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews2012-03-01121S1527-3369(11)X0006-5Articles4043http://www.nainr.com/article/PIIS1527336911001917/abstract?rss=yesPain assessment is the cornerstone of pain management. This article discusses the quality improvement project of the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) interdisciplinary Evidence-Based Practice Committee of a level III NICU in Northeast Florida whose goal was to determine best practice for pain assessment. The problem addressed in this project was to determine if the current pain assessment tool used in the NICU was the most appropriate choice for the patient population. Six Sigma methodologies were used as the framework to guide the project. The project included a comparison study regarding the clinical utility of two infant pain assessment tools: the Premature Infant Pain Profile and the Neonatal, Pain, Agitation, and Sedation Scale. The results showed no statistically significant difference. The recommendation of the Neonatal, Pain, Agitation, and Sedation Scale as best practice infant pain assessment tool was based on its comprehensiveness in infant assessment and not on clinical utility.Infant Pain Assessment: A Quality Improvement Project in a Level III Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Northeast FloridaElizabeth A. Gyland10.1053/j.nainr.2011.12.007Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews 12, 1 (2012)2012-03-01Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews2012-03-01121S1527-3369(11)X0006-5Articles4450http://www.nainr.com/article/PIIS1527336912000049/abstract?rss=yes In reviewing literature, as far back as the 1800s, the use of heated incubators has improved survival rates of term and preterm infants. The idea of incubation can be traced as far back as to the Egyptians, who used heat to improve the productivity of hatching chicken eggs. As the chick embryos matured, less heat was required because the embryo generated its own heat from an increase in metabolism, related to being more mature and larger. In his travels to Egypt from France in 1799, Napoleon was impressed with the incubation theory and brought it back to France, where it was used in Parisian zoos. A French obstetrician, Tarnier, was the first to apply this idea of incubation to human premature infants in the late 19th century, where he reported improving survival of premature infants using crude incubators to warm them. The survival of these small infants was so impressive that, during this time, it was common to see infants in incubators on display at carnivals and fairs around the world. Over the next 60 years, the survival of small infants weighing less than 2000 grams increased from 38% to 66% when the infants were kept warm with incubators. Numerous studies initiated the technologically advanced development of incubators and radiant warmers used today.Thermoregulation: What's New? What's Not?Leslie Altimier10.1053/j.nainr.2012.01.003Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews 12, 1 (2012)2012-03-01Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews2012-03-01121S1527-3369(11)X0006-5Articles5163http://www.nainr.com/article/PIIS1527336912000074/abstract?rss=yesEditorial Board10.1053/S1527-3369(12)00007-4Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews 12, 1 (2012)2012-03-01Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews2012-03-01121S1527-3369(11)X0006-5FrontmatterA1A1http://www.nainr.com/article/PIIS1527336912000086/abstract?rss=yesTable of Contents10.1053/S1527-3369(12)00008-6Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews 12, 1 (2012)2012-03-01Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews2012-03-01121S1527-3369(11)X0006-5FrontmatterA2A3